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As the world launches into COP29 in Azerbaijan, this week, it may be useful for us to review some of the sustainability metrics that the world has agreed to as a foundation for peace, prosperity - and a world devoid of climate change.

There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals (or SDGs) in total, though not all of them deal with climate. The ones that do, though, provide us a bit of a report card on how we're doing, as a globe, in combating climate change. In this episode, Paul explains a bit more as to what these SDGs represent - and highlights some of the findings from the UN's latest report card.

For further research:

"The 17 Goals" - United Nations

"2024 Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals" - United Nations

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The United Nations estimates that we lose about one third of our global food supply every year to waste and loss. And that organic matter contributes about 10% of our global emissions each year.

Getting a hold on our food waste is a big issue and a huge opportunity, not only for climate action but also in economic terms. In this episode, Paul breaks down the different points in the food value chain where spoilage and waste occurs - and discusses some of the innovative solutions that are emerging to address these issues.

For more research:

"The Enormous Scale Of Global Food Waste" - Stastita

"Food loss and waste account for 8-10% of annual global greenhouse gas emissions; cost USD 1 trillion annually" - UNFCCC

"7 innovative solutions for fighting food waste" - World Economic Forum

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The DOE recently released a report outlining a pathway for the US to meet recent pledges of tripling of domestic nuclear capacity by 2050. Nuclear needs to play a role in a clean energy economy, but the industry may be fooling itself in thinking that learning curve cost decreases will help to make these advanced nuclear reactors more economically viable.

In this episode, Paul discusses the challenges facing the nuclear industry in reducing costs, including the need to customize between facilities, the challenge in translating workforce experience across construction firms, and the ongoing costs associated with the high regulatory hurdles associated with this technology.

How can the US support new nuclear, but in a way that ensures affordability for the energy transition?

For more research:

"Pathways to Commercial Liftoff: Advanced Nuclear" - Department of Energy

"To meet US nuclear goals, big reactors need to get built today, DOE says" - Canary Media

"Historical construction costs of global nuclear power reactors" - Jessica Lovering, et al. (2016)

"The economics of nuclear power: Further evidence on learning, economies of scale, and regulatory effects" - Cantor, et al. (1988)

"EDF’s UK Hinkley Nuclear Costs Balloon as Plant Delayed Anew" - Bloomberg

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Paul reflects a bit on having just completed the second year of hosting Eight Minutes, and takes a moment to indulge in how the process of developing climate strategy needs to change if we are to keep up with the rapid advances in climate industries. Long term strategic planning may need to be replaced by "agile" strategic processes.

For more research:

"CCUS Market Outlook 2023: Announced Capacity Soars by 50%" - Bloomberg New Energy Finance

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After the devastating impacts of Hurricanes Helene and Milton over the past few weeks, it's a good time to review the science on why (and how) warming sea temperatures are affecting the intensity of these mega storms. Big, intense tropical cyclones are a part of our future and we should understand why today's storms are so much more powerful than those of just a few decades ago.

For further research:

"Are hurricanes getting worse? Here’s what you need to know" - NPR

"Yet another hurricane wetter, windier and more destructive because of climate change" - World Weather Attribution

"Why Hurricane Milton Got So Strong, So Fast" - NY Times (video)

"A Force of Nature: Hurricanes in a Changing Climate" - NASA

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For all of the economic advantages being created by the energy transition, some of that value isn't being fully captured by consumers who don't fully understand their utility bill. As energy prices are rising and these bills are becoming more complex and obtuse, maybe now is a good time to review how utilities are charging for not only the power that they provide, but also the policies that their state regulatory commissions are encouraging.

For further reference:

"The simple way to read your electric bill" - Energy Sage

"How Much Electricity Prices Increase Per Year in the U.S." - Solar Reviews

"Getting Answers: solar and EV charges on electric bills" - Western Mass News

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We sometimes use certain terms in the energy transition interchangeably - chief among them is "geothermal". In this episode, Paul discusses some of the different types of emerging technologies that get tagged with this moniker - and why and how these different systems have different use cases and applications. No, no one is suggesting drilling a hole to the earth's core in order to heat your building ... yet!

For further research:

"Geothermal Energy vs. Ground Source Heat Pumps: What’s the Difference?" - GetGreenNow

"Explainer: This is how geothermal energy works" - World Economic Forum

"The geothermal innovation powering Google’s data centres" - Seequent

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In this follow-up episode to last week's overview of Project 2025's climate related suggestions, Paul digs deeper into some other recommendations of the conservative roadmap, including its emphasis of national security as well as its animosity toward renewable energy projects. But Paul also highlights areas where compromise may be had, outlining a few discrete areas where Project 2025 brings up interesting points.

For further reference:

"Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise" - Project 2025

"What Project 2025 would do to climate policy in the US" - Yale Climate Connections

"Texas' frozen power grid is a preview of climate change disasters to come" - CBS News

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